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The recommended way to install MySQL on Linux is by using the RPM
packages. The MySQL RPMs are currently built on a SuSE Linux 7.3
system but should work on most versions of Linux that support rpm
and use glibc
.
If you have problems with an RPM file (for example, if you receive the error
"Sorry, the host 'xxxx' could not be looked up
"), see
2.6.1.2 Linux Binary Distribution Notes.
In most cases, you only need to install the MySQL-server
and
MySQL-client
packages to get a functional MySQL installation. The
other packages are not required for a standard installation.
If you want to run a MySQL-Max server that has additional capabilities,
you should install the MySQL-Max
RPM. However, you should do so only
after installing the MySQL-server
RPM.
See section mysqld-max
.
If you get a dependency failure when trying to install the MySQL 4.0
packages (for example, "error: removing these packages would break dependencies:
libmysqlclient.so.10 is needed by ...
"), you should also install
the package MySQL-shared-compat
, which includes both the
shared libraries for backward compatibility (libmysqlclient.so.12
for MySQL 4.0 and libmysqlclient.so.10
for MySQL 3.23).
Many Linux distributions still ship with MySQL 3.23 and they usually link
applications dynamically to save disk space. If these shared libraries are
in a separate package (for example, MySQL-shared
), it is
sufficient to simply leave this package installed and just upgrade
the MySQL server and client packages (which are statically linked
and do not depend on the shared libraries). For distributions that
include the shared libraries in the same package as the MySQL server
(for example, Red Hat Linux), you could either install our 3.23
MySQL-shared
RPM, or use the MySQL-shared-compat
package instead.
The following RPM packages are available:
MySQL-server-VERSION.i386.rpm
The MySQL server. You will need this unless you only want to
connect to a MySQL server running on another machine. Please note:
Server RPM files were called MySQL-VERSION.i386.rpm
before
MySQL 4.0.10. That is, they did not have -server
in the name.
MySQL-Max-VERSION.i386.rpm
The MySQL-Max server. This server has additional capabilities that the
one provided in the MySQL-server
RPM does not. You must install the
MySQL-server
RPM first, because the MySQL-Max
RPM depends on it.
MySQL-client-VERSION.i386.rpm
The standard MySQL client programs. You probably always want to install this package.
MySQL-bench-VERSION.i386.rpm
Tests and benchmarks. Requires Perl and the DBD::mysql
module.
MySQL-devel-VERSION.i386.rpm
The libraries and include files that are needed if you want to compile other MySQL clients, such as the Perl modules.
MySQL-shared-VERSION.i386.rpm
This package contains the shared libraries (libmysqlclient.so*
)
that certain languages and applications need to dynamically load and
use MySQL.
MySQL-shared-compat-VERSION.i386.rpm
This package includes the shared libraries for both MySQL 3.23 and
MySQL 4.0. Install this package instead of MySQL-shared
, if you
have applications installed that are dynamically linked against MySQL
3.23 but you want to upgrade to MySQL 4.0 without breaking the library
dependencies. This package is available since MySQL 4.0.13.
MySQL-embedded-VERSION.i386.rpm
The embedded MySQL server library (from MySQL 4.0).
MySQL-VERSION.src.rpm
This contains the source code for all of the previous packages. It can also be used to rebuild the RPMs on other architectures (for example, Alpha or SPARC).
To see all files in an RPM package (for example, a MySQL-server
RPM), run:
shell> rpm -qpl MySQL-server-VERSION.i386.rpm |
To perform a standard minimal installation, run:
shell> rpm -i MySQL-server-VERSION.i386.rpm shell> rpm -i MySQL-client-VERSION.i386.rpm |
To install just the client package, run:
shell> rpm -i MySQL-client-VERSION.i386.rpm |
RPM provides a feature to verify the integrity and authenticity of packages
before installing them. If you would like to learn more about this feature
please see 2.1.4 Verifying Package Integrity Using MD5 Checksums or GnuPG
.
The server RPM places data under the `/var/lib/mysql' directory. The RPM also creates the appropriate entries in `/etc/init.d/' to start the server automatically at boot time. (This means that if you have performed a previous installation and have made changes to its startup script, you may want to make a copy of the script so you don't lose it when you install a newer RPM.) See 2.4.2.2 Starting and Stopping MySQL Automatically for more information on how MySQL can be started automatically on system startup.
If you want to install the MySQL RPM on older Linux distributions that do not support initialization scripts in `/etc/init.d' (directly or via a symlink), you should create a symbolic link that points to the location where your initialization scripts actually are installed. For example, if that location is `/etc/rc.d/init.d', use these commands before installing the RPM to create `/etc/init.d' as a symbolic link that points there:
shell> cd /etc; ln -s rc.d/init.d . |
However, all current major Linux distributions should already support the new directory layout that uses `/etc/init.d', because it is required for LSB (Linux Standard Base) compliance.
If the RPM files that you install include MySQL-server
, the
mysqld
server should be up and running after installation.
You should now be able to start using MySQL.
See section 2.4 Post-installation Setup and Testing.
If something goes wrong, you can find more information in the binary installation chapter. See section 2.2.6 Installing MySQL on Other Unix-like Systems.
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